To stay safe during a tsunami, immediately move to higher ground or inland and remain there until authorities announce it is safe to return234. Never wait for an official warning if you observe natural signs of a tsunami such as strong ground shaking, a rapid receding of the shoreline, or an unusual roar from the ocean—these can signal an imminent wave3.

Key safety actions during a tsunami include:

• If you feel an earthquake and are near the coast:
  • Take cover during the shaking: indoors, drop under a sturdy table and protect your head and neck; outdoors, drop to the ground in a clear area away from hazards12.
  • When shaking stops, immediately evacuate to higher ground or as far inland as possible, even if no official warning has been issued123.
• If evacuation to higher ground is not possible:
  • Go to an upper floor (at least the third story) or the roof of a strong, reinforced building. As a last resort, climb a sturdy tree3.
• If you are caught in the water:
  • Try to grab onto something that floats and hold on23.
• If on a boat:
  • Head to deeper water quickly, if safe to do so, as tsunami energy is less dangerous farther from shore2.
• Stay away from the coast:
  • Do not go to the shore to watch or take pictures; repeated waves can occur and be deadly23.
  • Remain in a safe area until officials provide the all-clear, as tsunamis can bring multiple surges over several hours35.
• Follow official instructions:
  • Listen to emergency alerts and only return when authorities confirm it is completely safe5.

Essential preparedness measures further increase safety:

• Know if you're in a tsunami hazard zone.
• Identify and practice evacuation routes in advance.
• Prepare an emergency kit with essentials such as water, food, important documents, medications, warm clothing, a flashlight, and a portable radio134.
• Make a family communication plan and choose reunification points14.

Taking swift, decisive action and following these safety practices are essential for surviving a tsunami.